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Law The Cannabis Chronicles - Misc Cannabis News

I'm not optimistic about the chances of this legislation.

Pot gets Senate's attention in long-shot decriminalization bill


Senate Democrats plan to introduce a bill to decriminalize marijuana at the federal level next week, a person familiar with the matter said, although the legislation faces long odds in the evenly divided chamber.​

Majority Leader Chuck Schumer worked with Senators Cory Booker of New Jersey and Ron Wyden of Oregon on the measure. The senators circulated a draft of the bill last year and made tweaks after feedback from Senate committees.

The Cannabis Administration and Opportunity Act would remove marijuana from the list of drugs covered by the Controlled Substances Act. States, however, can still maintain and create prohibitions on production and distribution of marijuana.

Pot stocks surged on the news. Canadian cannabis producer Tilray Brands Inc. soared as much as 20% in its biggest jump in four months. Investors surged into other Canadian licensed producers that have been expanding into the US market, including Canopy Growth which surged as much as 11%. US multi-state operators also rallied, with Green Thumb Industries climbing to its highest point in one month.

The sector has been pummeled this year as the glacial pace of US legalization weighs on formerly high-flying share prices. The ETFMG Alternative Harvest ETF, also known by the ticker MJ, has plunged 48% this year as investor hopes wane.

The legislation faces an uphill battle in the chamber where 60 votes are required to pass most bills. Many Republicans and some Democrats, including Senators Jeanne Shaheen and Jon Tester, have opposed decriminalizing marijuana.

The bill would create grant programs to aid communities and individuals impacted most by drug offenses and establish funding programs to provide loans to small cannabis businesses owned by disadvantaged individuals.

It also requires that federal non-violent cannabis related convictions and arrests be expunged within one year of enactment.

The House voted in April to decriminalize marijuana, expunge federal convictions on pot-related charges and impose taxes on cannabis producers and importers.

The legislation passed 220-204 with support from most House Democrats and three Republicans. Two Democrats voted against the bill.
 

Federal Marijuana Enforcement On Tribal Lands Is ‘Horrible Misappropriation’ Of Resources, Senator Tells Interior Secretary


The Biden administration’s interior secretary says she understands the need to take an “administrative approach” when it comes to Tribal sovereignty and federal marijuana enforcement, stressing that her department is “not ignoring” requests to exercise discretion so that tribes are able to set their own cannabis policies without undue interference.


Interior Secretary Deb Haaland, who is the first Native American to serve in a cabinet position, was pressed on the issue at a hearing before a Senate Appropriations subcommittee on Wednesday. Sen. Martin Heinrich (D-NM) criticized the use of departmental funds to interfere in Tribal marijuana program, especially given the need to prioritize combating violent crime and solving cases of missing Indigenous people.


He specifically referenced a Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) raid of a small, home cannabis garden of a medical marijuana patient last year on Tribal land in his state of New Mexico. The governor of Pueblo of Picuris told Marijuana Moment at the time that he felt the action by BIA, which falls under Interior, represented a federal double standard in cannabis enforcement.


“Why, instead of focusing on this crisis [of violent crime] that is truly a crisis, are limited BIA resources being used to enforce federal cannabis laws on reservations where cannabis has already been legalized by the sovereign tribe?” the senator asked the secretary.


Haaland said that she believes “very strongly that we should respect Tribal laws and work in partnership with tribes on their public safety priorities,” adding that tribal communities understand the unique challenges that they face and where resources should be allocated.

“Of course, this question also involves the authority and policy of the Department of Justice, and I respect that we have to have an administrative approach to this,” the secretary said. “So it’s absolutely noted. We have been approached by tribes on this issue as well, and so it’s something that we are not ignoring.”


Heinrich said that he appreciated the response, reiterating that he feels that interfering in tribal marijuana programs is a “horrible misappropriation of focus at a time when we have such pressing needs.”


“Obviously, in my state, the state has chosen to legalize cannabis. A number of tribes have followed suit,” he said. “Whatever you think about that as a policy matter, we have such more important, pressing criminal needs in Indian country right now that we need to set our priorities appropriately.”


As part of Fiscal Year 2023 spending legislation for Interior, House appropriators did include language in the base bill to provide protections for Indian tribes against being federally prosecuted simply because they’ve legalized marijuana within their territory.


The language is somewhat similar to previous sections attached to different spending measures as amendments that have pushed to give cannabis safeguards to tribes. However, the latest section comes with contingencies not seen before, including a policy stating that tribes in states that haven’t legalized marijuana wouldn’t be covered under the protections.


Overall, the provision says that no federal funds appropriated to agencies within Interior, Justice Department, Bureau of Indian Affairs or Office of Justice Services could be used to “enforce federal laws criminalizing the use, distribution, possession, or cultivation of marijuana against any person engaged in the use, distribution, possession, or cultivation of marijuana in Indian country” where such activity is authorized.


But it’s not an all-encompassing protection, as the section goes on to say that the policy is “subject” to two exceptions.


First, federal funds could still be used to interfere in tribal cannabis activity if the territory is located within a state that maintains prohibition, for example.


Indian tribes must also take “reasonable measures under tribal marijuana laws to ensure that marijuana is prohibited for minors; marijuana is not diverted to states or tribes where marijuana is prohibited by state or tribal law; marijuana is not used as a means for trafficking other illegal drugs or used to support organized crime activity; and marijuana is not permitted on Federal public lands.”


Previous provisions attached to House-passed appropriations bills covering the Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS) simply prohibited the use of federal funds to enforce criminalization on native lands where cannabis has been legalized, without either nuance about state law or policy guidelines. That only applied to DOJ funds, however, whereas this new legislation covers multiple agencies of jurisdiction. None of those measures have ever been enacted into law despite passing the House.


“Enforcing Federal cannabis laws on Tribal land, especially in cases where the Tribe and the State have legalized cannabis use, is wrong and it needs to stop,” Rep. Dave Joyce (R-OH), a co-chair of the Congressional Cannabis Caucus who serves as ranking member on the Appropriations Subcommittee on Interior, Environment and Related Agencies, said in a press release last month.


“These misguided enforcement actions have sent a chill through Indian Country—Tribes are unsure if the federal government will continue to enforce and prioritize federal marijuana laws only on reservations,” he said. “That’s why I worked closely with the Chair to include this important language to prevent Interior and Justice entities from enforcing federal marijuana laws inconsistent with tribal laws. Tribes are sovereign nations, and they have just as much of a right to enact and enforce their own laws as States do.”


At a congressional hearing in April, Joyce also raised the issue with Haaland.


“Tribes have authority to make marijuana legal in their reservations under tribal law,” the secretary told the senator. “Although I cannot change the federal law, I understand the issue,” adding that part of the issue also comes down to DOJ, which she does not control.


“I understand what tribes are saying, and I generally, of course, respect tribal laws,” the secretary said. “We want to work in partnership with tribes on any public safety issues and their priorities.”


Last month, a Senate committee held a listening session to broadly address marijuana issues for Indian tribes, discussing relevant legislation and the importance of Tribal sovereignty with respect to cannabis.


Members of the Senate Indian Affairs Committee, chaired by Sen. Brian Schatz (D-HI), heard testimony from numerous representatives of Indian tribes and trade associations across the country, including the Suquamish Tribe, Pueblo of Laguna, Kumeyaay Nation, Puyallup Tribe and Santee Sioux Tribe.


While many of the conversations focused on tribal-specific policies and issues such as taxation and tribal contracts with state governments, there were also several witnesses who stressed the need for a comprehensive end to federal prohibition to uplift tribal markets.


In March, a coalition of nine U.S. senators sent a letter to Attorney General Merrick Garland, urging him to direct federal prosecutors to not interfere with marijuana legalization policies enacted by Native American tribes.


The letter requested that the Justice Department “respect the inherent sovereignty of Tribal governments and cease the enforcement of the Controlled Substances Act on Tribal land as it pertains to the growth, possession, and use of cannabis for medicinal, agricultural, and recreational purposes, where those Tribes have legalized this activity for its own members and those acting in compliance with Tribal law.”


There was previous Obama-era DOJ guidance on prosecutorial discretion for tribal governments that opted to legalize cannabis. But that guidance, known as the Wilkinson Memo, was rescinded by then-Attorney General Jeff Sessions in 2018, along with a separate memo urging prosecutors not to go after states that established regulated cannabis markets.


The senators urged the attorney general to “reinstate prosecutorial discretion and allow U.S. Attorneys to deprioritize cannabis enforcement where states and Tribes have legalized cannabis.”


While the tribe-specific DOJ guidance was rescinded, the federal government has generally taken a hands-off approach to marijuana enforcement in states that have chosen to legalize the plant—with a glaring exception being last year’s BIA raid in Pueblo of Picuris.


Meanwhile, the Pueblos of Pojoaque and Picuris signed an intergovernmental cooperative agreements with New Mexico’s government in May that allows the tribes to impose their own tax on cannabis products sold within their tribal jurisdictions.


Other states like Washington similarly allow Native tribes to enter into intergovernmental agreements that would authorize Indian territories to enact their own regulations, penalties and tax policies for cannabis.
 
“I don’t think there should — I dont think anyone in pri- — anyone should be in prison for the use of marijuana,”

Says the man who was a key architect of mandatory minimum sentences for drug crimes. I'll believe it when I see it.


Biden says he’s ‘working on’ bill to release cannabis inmates


President Biden, returning to Washington after a trip to the Middle East, told reporters that no one “should be in prison for the use of marijuana.”​


President Joe Biden reiterated his belief that no one should be behind bars for using cannabis, saying Sunday that he is working on legislation to help fulfill that campaign promise.


Biden, returning to Washington, D.C. following a four-day trip to Israel and Saudi Arabia, made the comments to a gaggle of reporters gathered on the White House lawn.


One reporter asked the president if he intended to honor his “campaign pledge to release all the marijuana inmates in prison.”


“I don’t think there should — I dont think anyone in pri- — anyone should be in prison for the use of marijuana,” Biden said, according to a White House pool report. “We’re working on the Crime Bill now.”


The brief response represented Biden’s most extensive and explicit comments on cannabis reform since his term began last year.


But it was also something Biden has said previously, most notably on the campaign trail in 2020. While he has yet to embrace outright cannabis legalization, Biden has long spoken out against marijuana-related incarceration.

In a memorable interview on “The Breakfast Club” in the spring of 2020, Biden said that it “makes no sense for people to go to jail” for weed and explained why he supports decriminalization but not legalization.


“Because they’re trying to find out whether or not there is any impact on the use of marijuana, not in leading you to other drugs, but what it affects. Does it affect long term development of the brain and we should wait until the studies are done,” Biden said. “I think science matters.”


Comments like that––as well as Biden’s refusal to support an end to the federal prohibition––have frustrated cannabis reform advocates, as well as members of the president’s own party.


In November, three Democratic senators sent a letter to Biden urging him to “pardon all individuals convicted of nonviolent cannabis offenses, whether formerly or currently incarcerated.”


“Our country’s cannabis policies must be completely overhauled, but you have the power to act now: you can and should issue a blanket pardon for all non-violent federal cannabis offenses, fulfilling your promises to the American people and transforming the lives of tens of thousands of Americans,” the senators, Elizabeth Warren, Ed Markey and Jeff Merkley, wrote in the letter.


“As a candidate for President, you argued that, ‘We should decriminalize marijuana,’ and, ‘Everyone [with a marijuana record] should be let out of jail, their records expunged, be completely zeroed out,’” they wrote. “The first and simplest step in the process is a blanket pardon. The Constitution grants you the authority to pardon broad classes of Americans to correct widespread injustice, as previous presidents have done.”


In May, Biden commuted 75 individuals who were serving time for nonviolent drug offenses and issued three full pardons.


There is robust support for cannabis legalization among Democrats on Capitol Hill, but that has not yet translated to policy reform.


The Democratic-controlled House of Representatives passed the Marijuana Opportunity, Reinvestment, and Expungement (MORE) Act in April, a bill that would remove cannabis from the list of federal Controlled Substances Act.


But the bill has since stalled in the Senate, where Democratic leaders have said they intend to produce their cannabis reform bill.


In April, Chuck Schumer, the Democratic leader in the Senate, said that the caucus would release its marijuana legislation at some point before the Congressional recess in August, pledging that the bill would also remove weed from the Controlled Substances Act.


But there are growing indications that the legislation in the Senate will be far more scaled back than what Schumer had promised.


Politico reported last month that Schumer “doesn’t have the votes to pass a sweeping marijuana decriminalization bill — despite repeatedly touting his support for ending federal prohibition,” and that “realization is leading Senate Democrats to look for a compromise on weed.”
 
sigh....and these jamokes get paid $174K/year by us...the taxpayer....and for this BS?

"The lawmakers lumped cannabis onto their list of illegal drugs being laced with fentanyl."

Sounds like a good fucking reason to legalize it....no?

That thunking sound is me hitting my head against the desk.


GOP video warns of cannabis being laced with fentanyl despite studies saying otherwise

The Senate GOP Doctors Caucus released a warning video announcement on Thursday alerting about the dangers of a powerful synthetic opioid, fentanyl. The group of physicians, who are also senators, released this public service announcement to inform Americans about the gravity of the current situation in the U.S. (Benzinga)

“Fentanyl is killing over 200 Americans each and every day,” said Sen. John Barrasso (R-WY).

"Unfortunately, many Americans who have died from an overdose didn’t even know they were taking the deadliest drug our nation has ever seen."

Other senators and members of the Caucus include Roger Marshall (R-KS), Rand Paul (R-KY), John Boozman (R-AR), and Bill Cassidy (R-LA).

The lawmakers lumped cannabis onto their list of illegal drugs being laced with fentanyl.

The video comes on the heels of a study from Leafly Holdings Inc., showing that marijuana laced with fentanyl is not really a thing.

“The lie spreads from three sources: faulty field drug testing kits, police departments incentivized to hype local fear, and reporters who fail to question, investigate, or follow up on police claims,” the study said.

Leafly also highlighted in its report that harm reduction specialists claim, “even if marijuana was dusted with fentanyl, it likely wouldn’t kill a consumer because fentanyl burns up at a lower temperature than marijuana.”

The senators, however, warned that even a very small amount of the drug, such as a few grains of salt is more than enough to kill an individual. They advised the public never to take any drug except that personally prescribed by a doctor and filled by a pharmacist.

Overdose crisis & alternative ways to address it​

As per the data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the number of overdose deaths involving synthetic opioids in 2020 was more than 18 times the number in 2013.

To address the alarming overdose death crisis, about a month ago, the Biden administration confirmed it will prioritize “harm reduction” as a response to drug abuse while examining information on marijuana legalization and safe injection sites.

“For the first time in history, the federal government is embracing the specific policies of harm reduction,” White House drug czar, Dr. Rahul Gupta said at the time.

NYC shares its experience​

In December, New York City became the first in the nation to open two overdose prevention centers (OPC) where people can use illicit drugs and receive medical care and services. These two centers managed to save 125 lives in just two months, reveals a new study published by the American Medical Association (AMA).

The study also reported about 2062 overdose facilities in NYC just in 2020, claiming fentanyl and its analogs accounted for 77% of those deaths.

Based on this report, safe consumption sites are serving their purpose – saving lives. The data indicate that OPC helped decrease overdose risk and prevalence of public drug use.
 
With recess in Aug and mid-terms in early Nov, it is my opinion this is simply not going to get any attention and is more for optics than any realistic chance of passage.


Senate Dems ready to introduce cannabis bill, hearing scheduled next week


Chuck Schumer, the Democratic leader in the Senate, had said that the marijuana reform bill would be introduced before the August recess.​

With Congress set to break for its traditional August recess––and with this year’s midterm elections drawing nearer––Democrats in the Senate finally appear ready to introduce a bill that would end the federal prohibition on pot.

The Senate Subcommittee on Criminal Justice and Counterterrorism has scheduled a hearing for next week that is titled, “Decriminalizing Cannabis at the Federal Level: Necessary Steps to Address Past Harms.”

The chair of the subcommittee, Sen. Cory Booker (D-NJ), has taken a leading role in crafting the Senate’s cannabis reform legislation.

The hearing is scheduled for Tuesday.

Bloomberg had reported previously that Senate Democrats intended to introduce the bill this week.

Whenever the legislation drops, it will represent long-awaited action from a Democratic caucus that has moved methodically on cannabis reform––despite repeated pledges from party leaders that it will get done.

At the beginning of April, Democrats in the House of Representatives passed their own pot legalization package: the Marijuana Opportunity, Reinvestment, and Expungement (MORE) Act, which would deschedule cannabis from the Controlled Substances Act.

Senate Democrats said they would move forward with their own cannabis reform bill that has been overseen by Booker, Oregon Sen. Ron Wyden and Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer.

After previously saying that the Senate would release its own version by the end of April, Schumer said that the bill would likely be introduced closer to the Congressional recess in August.

And after recent suggestions that Senate Democrats might be looking to offer up a more modest reform package, it now appears that they will seek to match the House and end the federal prohibition as well.

Politico reported last month that Schumer “doesn’t have the votes to pass a sweeping marijuana decriminalization bill — despite repeatedly touting his support for ending federal prohibition,” and that “realization is leading Senate Democrats to look for a compromise on weed.”

But Bloomberg reported last week that Democrats will indeed introduce the bill that Booker, Wyden and Schumer have been working on: the Cannabis Administration and Opportunity Act, which will also remove pot from the Controlled Substances Act, although it would also give states discretion to establish their own cannabis laws.

Bloomberg noted that “the legislation faces long odds in the evenly divided chamber,” with 60 votes necessary for passage.

The bill faces significant opposition from Republicans in the chamber, and even some Democratic members.

President Joe Biden has long said that he is in favor of decriminalization of cannabis, but not outright legalization––though he has struggled to explain the distinction.

Earlier this week, Biden reiterated his belief that no one “should be in prison for the use of marijuana,” and said that he is working with Congress on a bill to fulfill his promise to release inmates serving time for pot-related offenses.

It is unclear whether he supports either the House’s MORE Act or the Senate’s Cannabis Administration and Opportunity Act.

Despite the slow-motion progress of the bill in the Senate, Schumer has been unequivocal in his support for sweeping cannabis reform.

“We will move forward,” Schumer told Politico last year.

“[Biden] said he’s studying the issue, so obviously want to give him a little time to study it. I want to make my arguments to him, as many other advocates will. But at some point we’re going to move forward, period.”

“In 2018, I was the first member of the Democratic leadership to come out in support of ending the federal prohibition. I’m sure you ask, ‘Well what changed?’ Well, my thinking evolved. When a few of the early states—Oregon and Colorado—wanted to legalize, all the opponents talked about the parade of horribles: Crime would go up. Drug use would go up. Everything bad would happen,” he added.

“The legalization of states worked out remarkably well. They were a great success. The parade of horribles never came about, and people got more freedom. And people in those states seem very happy.”
 
Too funny.....they are all for adverts on a still totally illegal at the Fed level substance but can't find it in themselves to actually fully legalize it. US Congress....where abject self-serving intersects with utter idiocy.

House passes bill permitting weed ads on TV and radio


The House of Representatives this week passed legislation to permit cannabis advertising on broadcast television and radio as part of a broader appropriations measure.​


The U.S. House of Representatives this week passed a bill that would permit cannabis advertising on broadcast television and radio stations. The legislation is included as part of the Fiscal Year 2023 Financial Services and General Government appropriations bill, which was passed by lawmakers in the House on Wednesday.


Under the provisions of the appropriations bill, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) would be barred from using appropriated funds to deny a broadcaster a license renewal or sale application for airing cannabis advertising in jurisdictions that have legalized marijuana. The FCC would also be prohibited from requiring a station to file an early license renewal application for broadcasting cannabis ads.


Current regulations allow the FCC to revoke a license from broadcasters that air advertisements for federally illegal products including weed, even in states that have passed laws legalizing cannabis. As a result, cannabis businesses are limited to advertising in other forums including print newspapers and magazines, online, billboards, cable television, satellite radio, and social media. Alex Siciliano, a spokesman for the National Associations of Broadcasters, said on Wednesday that the legislation passed in the House this week levels the playing field for cannabis advertising.


“For too long, local broadcasters have been stuck in a regulatory purgatory because of conflicting federal and state cannabis laws,” Siciliano said in a statement.


“Today’s passage marks an important step towards allowing broadcasters to receive equal treatment for cannabis advertising that many other forms of media have enjoyed for years. While we are pleased to see the House act, broadcasters will continue to work with policymakers for a permanent resolution to this competitive disparity to the benefit of consumers.”


Broadcasting groups applaud legislation​




The spending bill was passed by the House Appropriations committee in June. The legislation gives broadcasters access to the growing market for cannabis advertising, which is expected to total $18.5 billion this year alone.


“We are pleased to see that this bipartisan language has advanced in the House today,” Siciliano said in a statement late last month.


“As the vast majority of states have legalized cannabis in some form, today marks a long overdue step toward finally allowing broadcasters to receive equal treatment regarding cannabis advertising that other forms of media have had for years.”


David Donovan, president of the New York State Broadcasters Association (NYSBA), thanked lawmakers in the House “for recognizing the unfairness of the present situation with respect to cannabis advertising.”


“The provision in this House appropriations bill is a major step forward for leveling the playing field for local broadcasters,” Donovan said in a statement from the broadcasting industry group.


“We believe the law of the state in which a station is licensed should determine whether a station can accept cannabis advertising if they so choose. We look forward to working with members of Congress and the Administration to help restore parity between local broadcasters and other media outlets.”


“We believe the law of the state in which a station is licensed should determine whether a station can accept cannabis advertising if they so choose,” Donovan added.


“We look forward to working with members of Congress and the Administration to help restore parity between local broadcasters and other media outlets.”


Before the bill becomes effective, it must still be passed by the Senate and signed into law by President Joe Biden. The NYSBA noted that gaining Senate approval for the legislation may be a challenge.


“The appropriations process is notoriously complex, which means the bill may get stalled. Congress is likely to adopt an interim budget through a continuing resolution. At some point, perhaps after the mid-term elections, there will be a final vote. Even if it passes, the legislation is not a ‘silver bullet.’”


Because the cannabis advertising provisions were passed as part of an annual appropriations bill, the prohibition on the FCC taking action against broadcasters for airing weed ads would only be in effect for one year, beginning on October 1. For the marijuana advertising terms to continue, the appropriations language must be reauthorized each year.
 
At the risk of this being viewed as a political statement and canned (or caned haha) by Mom, I have to say that I believe that this gentleman's record of contradictory statements shows that he will tell anybody anything if he thinks it will garner him more votes.


Beto O’Rourke Tell Texas Veterans He Wants to Legalize Marijuana


At a series of town halls with Texas Veterans, Beto O’Rourke said he’ll fight to legalize marijuana if elected governor.​

While continuing his visits across Texas, at a series of earlier town halls O’Rourke has said he has received positive support from Veterans on the marijuana issue.

O’Rourke tweeted on Wednesday: "Veterans say it’s time for this state to legalize marijuana. The people of Texas agree. Now we just need a governor who will get it done."

In Texas, veterans account for about 157,761 people as of 2019 according to Texas Workforce Investment Council.

As early as March, O’Rourke voiced his support in Austin at a dinner for the South by Southwest panel.

O’Rourke said: “I’ll let you in on a secret: Republicans like to get high just as much as Democrats.”

Some Republican states have legalized recreational marijuana but Texas has not.

He added: “When I’m governor, we’re going to legalize marijuana in the state of Texas. [It is] a substance that is legal in most of the rest of the country, most of the rest of the free world.”

Here is where Governor Abbott stands on marijuana​

Governor Greg Abbott supports decriminalizing weed but does not support recreational use.

Earlier this year, Governor Abbott stated: “Marijuana is now a Class C misdemeanor in the state of Texas, and so one thing that that I believe in — and I believe the state legislature believes in — and that is prison and jail is a place for dangerous criminals who may harm others, and small possession of marijuana is not the type of violation that we want to stockpile jails with. So, we have been making steps in that regard."

In a Gallup poll taken last year, 68% of Americans support legalizing marijuana.
 

Where Cannabis Legalization efforts stand across the Country

Gains in state legislatures slowed down in 2022, but advocates still have the ballot. State lawmakers are still wary of weed.​

Last year, four states legalized marijuana through their legislatures. So far in 2022, only one — Rhode Island — has managed to legalize recreational marijuana, even though public support for liberalizing cannabis laws remains at an all-time high.
With most legislative sessions across the country already wrapped up for the year, the results are clear: “Elected officials remain far behind the times,” said Karen O’Keefe, state policy director for Marijuana Policy Project. If it were left up to voters, O’Keefe believes, every state would have some form of legal cannabis by now.
As it stands, 19 states have embraced full legalization, while 19 others have enacted medical marijuana programs. But many of the remaining holdouts are staunchly conservative states where legalization skepticism runs deep among lawmakers.
Perhaps the biggest setback for industry advocates this year was Delaware, where a bill to remove penalties for possession passed with supermajorities in both chambers, only to be vetoed by the Democratic governor, John Carney. Recreational legalization efforts also came up short in Ohio, Hawaii and New Hampshire, while medical bills failed in Kansas, South Carolina, Tennessee and Kentucky.
Some legislative efforts were doomed from the outset, particularly Democratic-sponsored adult-use bills introduced in GOP-dominated state legislatures such as Louisiana, Wisconsin and Indiana.
But not all hope is lost for pro-legalization advocates. At least a half dozen states could have legalization questions on their November ballots. If all of those campaigns succeed, half of the states in the country would allow adults to possess — and eventually purchase — weed legally.
Here’s a look at where legalization efforts stand across the country:

Enacted legislation​

MISSISSIPPI

In January, the Mississippi Legislature passed legislation establishing a medical marijuana program by overwhelming margins after spending months haggling over the details. Republican Gov. Tate Reeves bashed the measure repeatedly for allowing patients to purchase too much cannabis, but ultimately signed the bill after changes were made to make it slightly more restrictive.
The Legislature took action after Mississippi voters overwhelmingly backed a medical marijuana legalization referendum in 2020, only to have it struck down as unconstitutional by the state Supreme Court. Mississippi’s fledgling medical program is the latest sign that marijuana legalization is making inroads in even the most staunchly conservative swaths of the country. The application process for patients and businesses is underway, with sales potentially starting by the end of the year.
RHODE ISLAND
In May, Rhode Island became the 19th state to embrace full legalization. The Democrat-dominated Legislature overwhelmingly passed legislation after hashing out agreements on how to automatically scrap old marijuana-related criminal convictions and the best approach to regulating the industry. The bill allows for 33 dispensaries spread across six regions of the state, with sales slated to start Dec. 1.
At least one dispensary in each of those six regions must be a worker-owned cooperative. Rhode Island lawmakers were spurred in part by a growing frustration that they’re forfeiting tax revenue to neighboring states, with Massachusetts implementing recreational sales in 2018 and Connecticut poised to launch its market later this year.
“The reality is that cannabis is here in Rhode Island already,” Sen. Joshua Miller, the chief sponsor of the bill, said during the floor debate. “We already have all of the challenges of cannabis but we have none of the safeguards and resources.”

MARYLAND

After trying (and failing) to pass comprehensive legalization legislation in prior years, Maryland lawmakers backed a measure kicking the question to voters. The measure would legalize cannabis possession and use for adults over 21, and instructs the Legislature to pass a regulatory framework for sales. Given strong public support for the issue, the referendum is all but guaranteed to pass.


While pro-legalization senators had hoped to pass enabling legislation this year, an effort to do so failed to make it across the finish line before the session adjourned. That likely means recreational sales won’t begin until 2024.

SOUTH DAKOTA

In 2020, South Dakota voters became the first in the country to back both medical and recreational legalization at the same time. But the state Supreme Court struck down the adult-use referendum as unconstitutional. The Republican-dominated Legislature considered a recreational marijuana legalization bill this session. While the legislation made it out of the Senate, it didn’t have enough votes in the House. So legalization supporters are once again turning to voters, submitting enough signatures to qualify for the November ballot.
It’s the first citizen-driven marijuana legalization initiative to be certified this year, and cannabis advocates are confident it has the votes to pass. If approved, adults over 21 would be allowed to possess up to 1 ounce of marijuana and grow up to three plants if there are no dispensaries in the county or city where they live.
Unlike the 2020 initiative, which was a constitutional amendment, this year’s effort is a statutory amendment that would allow lawmakers to change or repeal its provisions.

ARKANSAS

At one point there were three different efforts to put recreational legalization on the ballot in Arkansas this year. But ultimately just one campaign — Responsible Growth Arkansas, primarily backed by the state’s medical marijuana businesses — submitted signatures to make the November ballot. The group collected more than twice as many signatures as required to qualify.
“Having that kind of cushion really assures us that after all is said and done with the secretary of state we should be well in excess of 89,000,” said Steve Lancaster, an attorney and spokesperson for the campaign.
The secretary of state’s office said the campaign collected sufficient signatures, but the proposal still needs signoff from the Board of Election Commissioners to make the ballot. The board is expected to review the measure Aug. 3.
But the business-backed effort has sparked opposition from some legalization advocates who argue that it’s primarily designed to help bolster their bottom lines. Arkansas’ existing medical shops would be allowed to add sales to anyone at least 21 years old on March 8, 2023, and would also be eligible to open an additional location solely serving the recreational market. A lottery would allocate 40 additional licenses for adult-use dispensaries.
“This isn’t marijuana reform. This is greed,” said Melissa Fults, a longtime Arkansas legalization advocate.

MISSOURI

A bipartisan push to legalize adult-use marijuana fell short during the Legislature’s regular session this year. But an effort to put legalization on the November ballot submitted signatures to the secretary of state’s office in May. It’s unclear whether the initiative will qualify for the ballot. That’s in large part due to concerns that the campaign might not fulfill Missouri’s requirement that signatures be culled from all six of the state’s congressional districts.
The latest unofficial tally from the secretary of state’s office shows the campaign falling short of signatures in two congressional districts. An official decision is due Aug. 9.
Supporters of the legalization bill and the petition campaign are at odds with each other. The bill backers are arguing that the ballot measure hands over a monopoly to existing medical marijuana operators.

OKLAHOMA

Voters are likely to decide whether to legalize recreational sales, after advocates submitted nearly twice as many signatures last month as required to make the November ballot.
“The campaign right now is looking ahead to the election,” said Ryan Kiesel, senior campaign adviser for Oklahomans for Sensible Marijuana Laws, the group behind the legalization campaign. “We’re beginning to ramp up fundraising, ramp up our voter registration efforts, our campaign outreach efforts. We are not taking a single vote for granted.”
However, voters could potentially face three different legalization ballot measures in November. Oklahomans for Responsible Cannabis Action is pushing a pair of petitions that would enshrine the right to use marijuana for medicinal or recreational purposes in the state constitution, rather than simply changing state law as under the competing referendum. Supporters of those petitions, however, face a tough task to make the ballot: collecting 178,000 valid signatures for each by Aug. 24.

Whichever petitions ultimately end up on the ballot, legalization advocates will have to overcome a backlash that’s been building in the staunchly conservative state over its booming medical marijuana program. Since voters legalized medical sales in 2018, nearly 10 percent of the population has enrolled and more than 11,000 weed businesses have been licensed. But dozens of raids against illegal grows over the last two years have sparked an outcry, particularly in rural parts of the state.

NORTH DAKOTA

The state made history when its House of Representatives passed a recreational legalization bill in 2021 — the first Republican-dominated legislative chamber to do so — but the legislation failed on the Senate floor. That led legalization advocates to pivot to the ballot box. Last month, they turned in roughly 25,700 signatures — more than 10,000 above the threshold required to make the November ballot.
Voters approved a medical marijuana referendum in 2016. This would be the second time that North Dakotans will vote on whether to authorize possession and sales for anyone at least 21 years old: In 2018, voters rejected an adult-use legalization referendum by an 18-point margin, 59-41 percent.

NEBRASKA

A campaign to legalize medical marijuana in Nebraska — one of three states in the nation without any form of medical cannabis access on the books — ran into major turbulence after the loss of a major donor. What advocates planned as a $1 million effort with paid canvassers was transformed into a largely volunteer undertaking. They still turned in more than the nearly 90,000 signatures required to make the ballot, but just barely.
Its fate will likely hinge on a lawsuit challenging the state’s geographic requirements. Legalization supporters filed a lawsuit over a requirement that a ballot petition campaign must collect signatures from 5 percent of voters in at least 38 of the state’s 93 counties. In June, a federal judge issued an injunction blocking the state from enforcing the geographic mandate. But last month an appellate court lifted the injunction.
“The practical impact is that ourselves and the secretary of state’s office is somewhat in limbo until they rule,” said Democratic state Sen. Adam Morfeld, one of the leaders of the medical campaign.
 

Cannabis Industry Seen as a Target for Union Expansion

Union organizers are looking to the cannabis industry as their next frontier for expansion as more and more states fully legalize.

The cannabis industry is seeing a need for unions as more workers are hired and more states legalize. There is an increasing call from workers for better conditions, wages, and benefits, and unions are getting interested.

Cannabis is continually bringing in more money for the U.S. economy. In 2020, the industry brought in a total of between $17.5B and $21.3B and provided between 240,000 and 321,000 full-time jobs. It is projected to reach $41B by 2026. As more states come on with legalization these figures could be even higher.

And already, we are seeing unionization pop up. Modern Cannabis dispensary in Chicago unionized in 2021, and many other businesses in the city have done the same. The first cannabis union contract in Chicago was ratified in March 2022.

“We’re trying to make these careers for the long term, not just one that is a turnover establishment,” says Alex Suarez, who works at Modern Cannabis. “I think the upswing in organization in this country right now is astonishing and we need to keep going over that energy.”

Tonya Townsend, who worked at a Green Thumb Industries cannabis facility in Rock Creek, Illinois when they pioneered unionizing in 2018 and 2019, saw some backlash to the movement. They failed to unionize, as the vote missed by a 26-30 margin.

“There was a lot of union busting. They hired the top union avoidance firm in the country,” she says. “We took them on for about a year. It was a lot. It was mental, physical, verbal, daily abuse from these guys – they fought us tooth and nail the whole way. These workers are reaching out to us for help, so that’s unusual. It used to be we were seeking them out and now they’re coming to us. Our phones are ringing constantly with workers who want protection, higher wages, better benefits and accountability from these companies.”

Unions have also been seeing an uptick in general. Retail has experienced gains in recent years, as 18 of 26 union elections that happened in 2021 are successful. Most of the cannabis unions are from The United Food and Commercial Workers and Teamsters groups, and they are leading even more union campaigns as more legal states and businesses come online.

“There are plenty of people who are having to choose between feeding themselves and putting gas in their car to get to work, which is just kind of mind-boggling, considering it’s a multibillion-dollar industry,” says Maddi, who worked at Ayr Wellness in Massachusetts in 2018, before unionizing. She is now an organizer at UFCW Local 1445 in Massachusetts.

At this time, six states have statutes that require or encourage labor peace agreements for licensed medical or recreational cannabis businesses.

When recreational cannabis was legalized in New Jersey in February 2021, the law included agreements to protect workers’ union organizing efforts. The UFCW represents most of the cannabis workers.

“We were the first organization and labor union to step up to the plate and say this is a valid industry and these workers should not be treated like criminals,” says Hugh Giordano, organizing director of United Food and Commercial Workers Local 360 in New Jersey. “We hope to have 100% union density before the adult use conditional licenses are up and running.”

Beginning in 2021, 500 workers in the cannabis industry have formed unions with the Teamsters.

“When more states legalize recreational cannabis, we can’t let them simply make more minimum-wage jobs available,” says Teamsters general president Sean O’Brien. “We’re demanding careers, backed and safeguarded by Teamster contracts.”

As of today, the industry is literally growing as we speak, and with an uptick in union activity along with this growth means we will see more unions popping up in the future.
 
Black out drunk every night, no problemo. Popping narcs like they were Skittles, no problemo (hey, its "medication", dude).

Bit of weed....oh yeah, you are going to sell out the country to Putin if we grant security access to your drug addicted ass.

Politicians = Profiles in Mendacity.



Key Senate Committee Chairman Scaled Back Marijuana Amendment On Security Clearance Denials To Secure Passing Vote


When the Senate Intelligence Committee voted last month to approve an amendment prohibiting the denial of security clearances for intelligence agents over past marijuana use, what it ended up adopting was actually a dialed-back version of an original proposal that would have provided even broader protections, according to a newly published report from the panel.

And the vote tally, which was not publicly available around the time of initial news reports on the measure, shows that the revised version actually attracted unexpected support from certain lawmakers, including anti-legalization Sen. Tom Cotton (R-AR).

As originally drafted, the amendment to the Intelligence Authorization Act from Sen. Ron Wyden (D-OR), along with Sens. Martin Heinrich (D-NM) and Kirsten Gillibrand (D-NY) would have “prohibited any Federal agency from denying or revoking an individual’s eligibility for access to classified information solely because of past or present use of cannabis,” the report says. (Emphasis added.)

But Chairman Mark Warner (D-VA) filed a second-degree amendment, cosponsored by Sen. Michael Bennet (D-CO), to scale back Wyden’s proposal. The version that was ultimately approved by the committee in a 11-5 vote narrowed its applicability to federal workers in the intelligence community, such as those employed by the FBI, CIA and NSA. And the language on “past or present” marijuana use was changed to say simply that “pre-employment” cannabis consumption could not make an agent ineligible for access to classified materials.

A spokesperson for the chairman’s office explained to Marijuana Moment on Tuesday that the “initial version of the amendment did not have enough votes to pass, so Senator Warner offered a revised version that could secure a majority on the Committee.”

The vote on the modified amendment generated support from some notable members, including Cotton and Sens. Susan Collins (R-ME) and Dianne Feinstein (D-CA), who have historically resisted or outright opposed marijuana legalization.

Feinstein has been supportive of other modest policies, however, including expanding cannabis research, as would be accomplished through a bill she recently filed alongside Sens. Brian Schatz (D-HI) and Chuck Grassley (R-IA). Collins has also backed proposals on marijuana banking reform and veterans cannabis access.

There’s also a “no” vote on the amendment that stood out from Sen. Angus King (I-ME), who caucuses with Democrats and has championed certain cannabis policies related to research and banking access, for example.

In any case, Wyden isn’t throwing in the towel on passing broader protections on this issue. A spokesperson for his office told Marijuana Moment on Wednesday that the senator is “looking at broadening the provision to apply to all clearance holders, not just those working for the Intelligence Community.”

The Intelligence Authorization Act marked up in committee has not yet been enacted, but it’s possible he’s suggesting that he will push for broader reforms similar to what was included in his original amendment when the bill comes to the Senate floor, or perhaps later through another legislative vehicle.

Read the full Intelligence Committee note on the cannabis amendment vote below:

“By voice vote, the Committee adopted a second-degree amendment by Chairman Warner, and cosponsored by Senator Bennet, to an amendment by Senator Wyden, and cosponsored by Senators Heinrich and Gillibrand. Senator Wyden’s amendment, as cosponsored by Senators Heinrich and Gillibrand, prohibited any Federal agency from denying or revoking an individual’s eligibility for access to classified information solely because of past or present use of cannabis. Chairman Warner’s second-degree amendment, as cosponsored by Senator Bennet, limited the prohibition to Intelligence Community agencies, struck the revocation prohibition, and replaced the ‘‘past or present’’ application with a ‘‘pre-employment’’ application. By a vote of 11 ayes and 5 noes, the Committee adopted the amendment by Senator Wyden, and cosponsored by Senators Heinrich and Gillibrand, as modified by Chairman Warner’s second-degree amendment (cosponsored by Senator Bennet). The votes in person or by proxy were as follows: Chairman Warner—aye; Senator Feinstein—aye; Senator Wyden—aye; Senator Heinrich— aye; Senator King—no; Senator Bennet—aye; Senator Casey—aye; Senator Gillibrand—aye; Vice Chairman Rubio—no; Senator Burr—aye; Senator Risch—no; Senator Collins—aye; Senator Blunt—no; Senator Cotton—aye; Senator Cornyn—no; Senator Sasse—aye.”

Barring people from receiving security clearances just for being honest about prior marijuana use significantly decreases the pool of potential applicants for critical roles, especially considering that a majority of Americans have tried cannabis at least once and more states have moved to legalize the plant for medical or recreational use.

Prior to the House vote to pass a federal marijuana legalization bill in April, Rep. Jamie Raskin (D-MD) filed an amendment to require federal agencies to review security clearance denials going back to 1971 and retroactively make it so cannabis could not be used “as a reason to deny or rescind a security clearance.” But that measure was narrowly defeated in a floor vote.

Late last year, the director of national intelligence (DNI) issued a memo saying that federal employers shouldn’t outright reject security clearance applicants over past use and should use discretion when it comes to those with cannabis investments in their stock portfolios.

A spokesperson in the DNI’s office told Marijuana Moment at the time that “increased legalization of marijuana use at state and local levels has prompted questions on how the federal government treats an individual’s involvement with marijuana to determine eligibility for national security positions or access to classified information.”

Meanwhile, FBI updated its hiring policies in 2020 to make it so candidates are only automatically disqualified from joining the agency if they admit to having used marijuana within one year of applying. Previously, prospective employees of the agency could not have used cannabis within the past three years.

Former FBI Director James Comey in 2014 suggested that he wanted to loosen the agency’s employment policies as it concerns marijuana, as potential skilled workers were being passed over due to the requirement.

“I have to hire a great work force to compete with those cyber criminals and some of those kids want to smoke weed on the way to the interview,” he said at the time.

Also, in 2020, CIA said that it doesn’t necessarily believe using illegal drugs makes you a bad person.

For its part, the Drug Enforcement Administration continues to enforce its policy of automatically disqualifying applicants who’ve used marijuana in the prior three years before applying.

Federal agencies have taken different approaches to employment policies with the ever-changing marijuana landscape in the U.S.

For example, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recently reminded its workers that they are prohibited from using marijuana—or directly investing in the industry—regardless of state law and changes in “social norms” around cannabis.

The nation’s largest union representing federal employees separately adopted a new resolution in support of marijuana legalization and calling for an end to policies that penalize federal workers who use cannabis responsibly while they’re off the clock in states where it is legal.

The White House recently made clear that people who want to even intern at the president’s office will be required to disclose prior drug use—including any cannabis consumption that was legal under state law—and they could be denied eligibility over it.

Still, the U.S. Office of Personnel Management (OPM) separately issued a memo to federal agencies that says admitting to past marijuana use should not automatically disqualify people from being employed in the federal government.

The Biden administration previously found itself facing criticism after reports surfaced that it had fired its own White House staffers over marijuana.

Then-Press Secretary Jen Psaki attempted to minimize the fallout of the White House personnel policy, without much success, and her office also stressed that nobody was fired for “marijuana usage from years ago,” nor has anyone been terminated “due to casual or infrequent use during the prior 12 months.”

However, she consistently declined to speak to the extent to which staff have been suspended or placed in a remote work program because they were honest about their history with marijuana on the federal background check form.

House Appropriations Committee leadership recently urged the White House to “continue to review policies and guidelines regarding hiring and firing of individuals who use marijuana in states where that individual’s private use of marijuana is not prohibited under the law of the State” as part of a Financial Services and General Government (FSGG) spending report.

It specifically requests that the executive branch apply drug testing standards with “consistency and fairness.”

In May, a congressman sent a letter to the head of the U.S. Department of Transportation, stating that the agency’s policies on drug testing truckers and other commercial drivers for marijuana are unnecessarily costing people their jobs and contributing to supply chain issues.

Relatedly, a top Wells Fargo analyst said in February that there’s one main reason for rising costs and worker shortages in the transportation sector: federal marijuana criminalization and resulting drug testing mandates that persist even as more states enact legalization.

Meanwhile, in April, a top federal health agency proposed changes to drug testing policies for federal workers to clarify that having a doctor’s recommendation for medical marijuana or any other Schedule I drug is not a valid excuse for a positive drug test.

Also earlier this year, a coalition of more than two dozen congressional Democrats filed bill on promoting workplace investment to combat climate change, and they said they want to boost the workforce nationwide by protecting people in legal marijuana states from being penalized due to federal drug testing policies.

The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) recently proposed a changes to drug testing policies for federal workers that would clarify that having a doctor’s recommendation for medical marijuana or any other Schedule I drug is not a valid excuse for a positive drug test.

At the state level, Colorado Gov. Jared Polis (D) recently signed an executive order to provide broad professional licensing protections for workers who use marijuana in compliance with state law. The move also prevents state agencies from assisting in any out-of-state investigations related to lawful cannabis conduct that could result in employment penalties.

Also, a union representing firefighters has claimed credit for a New York City legal directive ordering government agencies, including the New York City Fire Department (NYFD) and New York Police Department (NYPD), to cease drug testing workers for marijuana since the state enacted legalization.

Last year, the state Department of Labor separately announced in guidance that New York employers are no longer allowed to drug test most workers for marijuana, with limited exceptions. Even prior to the enactment of legalization, New York City officials had established a local ban on pre-employment drug testing for cannabis.

Washington, D.C. Mayor Muriel Bowser (D) signed a bill last month that prohibits most workplaces from firing or otherwise punishing employees for off-duty marijuana use.

In Missouri, the St. Louis County Council approved a bill in March to ban pre-employment and random drug testing for cannabis for most county workers.
 

Feds Seek Contractor To Help Test Marijuana Compounds In People’s Breath


The federal government will spend more than $1.4 million to study how the concentration of marijuana compounds in people’s breath changes over time after consuming it, part of an ongoing effort to create a reliable roadside test to screen drivers for recent cannabis use.

In a brief “sources sought” notice posted last week, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), a nonregulatory agency of the U.S. government, said it’s looking for an vendor capable of helping to conduct a study that would collect breath and blood samples, then test those samples for evidence of acute cannabis use—things like delta-9 THC, other cannabinoids and their metabolites.

“NIST intends to seek a contractor that will recruit participants to the study, collect breath samples from them after they use their own legal-market marijuana, and send those samples to NIST for laboratory analysis,” Richard Press, the agency’s acting director of media relations, told Marijuana Moment in an email. “The sources sought notice is to inform potential vendors of the requirements.”

Despite numerous efforts in the past decade to design and manufacture a device that works like a breathalyzer does for alcohol, there still exists no broadly accepted method to detect acute cannabis use in the field.

“As cannabis/marijuana use is legalized across the country, and knowing that its use can impair executive functions needed for driving, the need for a roadside technology to detect impairment from marijuana in drivers is critical.”

The upcoming study, dubbed Breath Measurements of Acute Cannabis Elimination, or BACE, “will look at how the concentration of cannabis compounds on a person’s breath changes in the hours after using marijuana,” Press said. “The study will not measure impairment, just concentrations of compounds in breath.”

The notice says the study will entail taking both baseline and experimental samples from subjects, both before and periodically after consuming cannabis. The measurements are aimed to account for the fact that cannabis users sometimes retain THC in their breath even after periods of abstinence.

“To resolve the challenges of determining recent cannabis use from a single breath sample, we propose a paradigm shift: two breath samples spaced a short interval apart,” says the project’s funding description. “Recent cannabis use would be distinguished from abstinence by a slope consistent with acute cannabis elimination.”

NIST will use the data “to investigate the feasibility of a two-point measurement that could be implemented at the roadside,” the funding description says. “The positive impact of this research on public safety will be a practical path towards a method that could be implemented at the roadside to chemically determine recent cannabis use.”

The description adds that “currently, it is impossible to draw a correlation between driving impairment and delta-9-terahydrocannabinol (Δ9THC) concentration in blood, which is the most reliable matrix with which to determine recent cannabis use.”

“We propose to collect breath samples from occasional and frequent cannabis users at 10-minute intervals during acute cannabis elimination, similar to the previous work, and during periods of abstinence, which has not been examined. The proposed paradigm shift depends on consistency in the collection of breath samples, therefore numerical modeling will characterize the influence of human (e.g. flowrate and volume) and device factors to improve the reproducibility of aerosol particle collection. We will analyze breath samples for Δ9THC, its metabolites, and other cannabinoids with high sensitivity analytical methods. We will employ urine analysis to classify users into occasional and frequent use populations and blood analysis to verify compliance with study protocols. Comprehensive statistical analyses will compare elimination profiles and abstinence profiles with different intervals (e.g., 10 minutes vs. 20 minutes) and will examine the multivariate response.”

A federal grant of $1.45 million will pay for the research. That money was approved as part of a part of a $14.4 million forensic-science spending package announced late last year.

Elected officials on the U.S. House Appropriations Committee said in June that they remain concerned about people driving under the influence of substances. They urged regulators to continue “efforts to ensure stakeholders can identify drug-impaired driving and enforce the law.”

In May, U.S. Rep. Earl Blumenauer (D-OR) urged the Department of Transportation to reform its cannabis testing policies in light of the difficulty of determining recent use. He cited agency data showing that tens of thousands of truckers and other commercial drivers are penalized for using cannabis and noted that there’s no way to tell whether that use was days or weeks ahead of when they were tested.

The congressman told Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg that his department “should rapidly reform requirements for testing drivers and returning them to service, as well as develop an accurate test for impairment.”

Data on highway safety and cannabis legalization is highly contentious, in large part because of the difficulty of accurately measuring the amount of cannabis in a person’s system as well as its impact on driving ability.

A study published in 2019, for example, concluded that those who drive at the legal THC limit—which is typically between two to five nanograms of THC per milliliter of blood—were not statistically more likely to be involved in an accident compared to people who haven’t used marijuana. But other studies have indicated possible increases in highway road deaths following adult-use legalization.

Yet other research has suggested that impaired driving actually goes down after legalization, at least according to self-reported surveys. A report published in April by the research nonprofit RTI International found that people were less likely to drive within three hours of consuming cannabis in states where some form of cannabis was legal.

Another study this year found that auto-insurance premiums decreased in states that legalized medical marijuana.

President Joe Biden, meanwhile, signed a large-scale infrastructure bill late last year that included an amendment encouraging states that have enacted legalization laws—and only those states—to educate people about impaired driving. That measure was criticized by advocates who similarly want to discourage driving under the influence of cannabis but who also feel that any public education campaigns on the issue should be holistic, rather than singling out states that have legalized.

Officials have sometimes struggled to message their concerns about impaired driving. Last year the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) put out a PSA that featured a confusingly cool-looking cheetah smoking a joint while driving in what critics called a questionable effort to deter such activity.

In 2020, NHTSA and the Ad Council teamed up with Vox Creative for another ad that essentially told consumers that they shouldn’t drive while impaired—even if they’re being chased by a psychopathic axe murderer.

Experts and advocates have emphasized that evidence isn’t clear on the relationship between THC concentrations in blood and impairment.

Separately, the Congressional Research Service in 2019 determined that while “marijuana consumption can affect a person’s response times and motor performance…studies of the impact of marijuana consumption on a driver’s risk of being involved in a crash have produced conflicting results, with some studies finding little or no increased risk of a crash from marijuana usage.”

Another recent study found that smoking CBD-rich marijuana had “no significant impact” on driving ability, despite the fact that all study participants exceeded the per se limit for THC in their blood.
 
Pat, I'm ready to solve this puzzle....but if I do, Mom will spank my heinie for calling politicians names....even though IMO they deserve every invective I can think of. haha


Why other Countries are Legalizing Weed before the US


The US has ample reasons to choose from, but has yet to pick one singular cause strong enough to push the country into a post-prohibition era for marijuana.​

Marijuana policy in the United States has been in the news a lot, but often it is the lack of action the country is making that is making headlines. Whether it is the MORE Act floating in limbo and failing, and a strongly worded letter urging a change in marijuana laws to the President from his strongest allies, America’s federal policy on marijuana is not “visionary” at the moment.

While the nation and many of its individual states have changed significantly in the last decade when it comes to opinions on marijuana, it can be argued that federal policy has fallen far behind the American psyche, and perhaps even the global consciousness. While America maintains its timid stance on marijuana, surrounding counties have taken concrete action.

What reasons have other countries have found reasons to legalize and decriminalize marijuana while the US remains unable to find its rationalization?

Mexico​

If you ask our closest neighbor to the south why legalizing marijuana is a good idea, the response will likely involve hopes of decreasing violent crime. Mexico’s supreme court voted 8-3 last year to decriminalize marijuana, thus legalizing its medical use and cultivation. This decision came “after advocates pushed for decriminalization as a means to reduce drug-fueled cartel violence in the country,” according to CNN. While drug-fueled violence was not the only justification for this decision, it is one worth noting in that the justification for a change in marijuana policy can come from all sorts of places.

Thailand​

While the US continues its debate on marijuana, Thailand made history as the first Asian country to legalize marijuana on a medical level. The country has made it clear that smoking joints in public is still very much punishable by law, but it has legalized marijuana as medicine. Even if it is medical marijuana that has gotten the green light, Thailand can still use this as a chance to boost tourism.

“Thailand mainly wants to make a splash in the market for medical marijuana,” according to NPR. With so few places with legalized cannabis nearby, it has a great opportunity on its hands. After all, “It already has a well developed medical tourism industry and its tropical climate is ideal for growing cannabis,” the article continued. Thailand is also releasing many inmates serving sentences for non-violent marijuana crimes, which is something many American lawmakers are pushing for (still unsuccessfully) with marijuana decriminalization bills.

Malta​

Thailand was not the only country making international headlines for its marijuana legalization. Malta became the first European nation to legalize marijuana in late 2021. While it has not opened up cannabis lounges or dispensaries, it has legalized usage and cultivation of cannabis. Its reasons for this are fairly similar to Mexico’s.

“The government said that the new law was aimed at ending the criminalization of people for smoking the drug and at reducing criminal trafficking,” according to the New York Times. Legalizing and thus regulating it, rather than fighting a criminal underground market seems to be a motivating factor in several countries that have legalized weed before the US.

Switzerland​

Most recently, Switzerland lifted its ban on medical marijuana, and has thereby legalized medical cannabis as of August. The new move even allows for the export of medical cannabis allows for the export of medical cannabis. One of the main reasons for this shift, it seems, has to do with the growing popularity of medical cannabis and the increased level of administrative legwork that developed as a result of this popularity. “The Federal Council justified the legalization of medical cannabis in the country by stating that the demand for authorizations has increased in recent years. This entailed a considerable administrative burden and slowed down medical treatment,” according to Forbes. In 2019 alone, the health ministry issued 3,000 exceptional permissions.

There are a variety of reasons why countries are making major progress in cannabis legalization while the United States lags. From hope, to decreased crime, all the way to increasing medical tourism, the justifications are varied. The US has ample reasons to choose from, but has yet to pick one singular cause strong enough to push the country into a post-prohibition era for marijuana.
 

Will Biden Legalise Marijuana? Democrats remain split on the Issue of Weed

Calls to enact meaningful reform to cannabis laws are growing in the US, but is there enough support in Congress to pass the proposals?​

In his year and a half in the White House, President Biden has largely remained quiet on the subject of marijuana legalisation. This is despite many Democrat-held state legislatures pushing for the legalisation of cannabis during the current session and widespread support for loosening the law.

The two most senior Democrats in Congress, House Speaker Nancy Pelosi and Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer, have stated that they want marijuana reform to be passed as a priority, but the issue continues to divide the party.



Progressive members like Sen. Cory Booker and Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez have called for sweeping changes that help the communities that have been most acutely affected by the ban on marijuana. However some moderates in the party baulk at the suggestion of legalisation.

Marijuana use at an all-time high​

As the midterm elections draw close Biden’s approval rating continues to be a cause for concern within his own party and there is the very real possibility that the Democrats could lose control of both Houses of Congress. Biden needs a popularity boost and there is evidence that marijuana reform could provide exactly that.

Last month Gallup published a poll on marijuana and tobacco usage in the United States which showed how mainstream cannabis consumption has become. The poll found that more Americans (16%) said they had smoked marijuana than had smoked a tobacco cigarette (11%) in the past week.

This trend has been fuelled in part by the legalisation of weed in certain states. In 1969 a poll found that just 4% of Americans had even tried marijuana; in 2022 that figure stands at 48%.

Can Biden pass cannabis law reform?​

Despite the best efforts of both Pelosi and Schumer it appears unlikely that there is sufficient support in Congress for meaningful reform. In the House of Representatives the Marijuana Opportunity, Reinvestment and Expungement (MORE) Act has been passed twice but failed in the Senate. The bill would federally legalise cannabis if passed.

Neither MORE, or the Senate-originated Cannabis Administration and Opportunity Act (CAOA), have any chance of reaching the 60-vote threshold in the Senate to avoid a filibuster. With this in mind, Biden stands almost no chance of passing a significant marijuana bill during this session of Congress.

However the Democrats could achieve some progress by passing one of a number of proposals for incremental change, which would stand a far better chance of gaining approval in both chambers. One, known as SAFE Banking Plus, is the result of a bipartisan effort to enact moderate marijuana reform.

This will not appease the legions of regular cannabis smokers in the 19 states where recreational use is legal, but would represent another significant shift in attitudes.
 
Fetterman has called for a lot of things. I'm not a one issue voter....you certainly may differ


John Fetterman calls on Biden to Legalize Weed ahead of Labor Day — Here’s how POTUS responded


Fetterman pledged to press on the topic of marijuana legalization ahead of Biden’s visit to his state of Pennsylvania.​



If the recent polls are any indication, it’s looking like John Fetterman (D) has a good chance of beating Dr. Oz (R) to become Pennsylvania’s next Senator. Ahead of President Biden’s visit to Pittsburgh this Labor Day, Fetterman plans to press on the topic of marijuana decriminalization, an issue that has been one of the guiding posts of his campaign.

Fetterman released a statement this past Monday, urging Biden to deschedule marijuana before his visit to Pittsburgh.

“It’s long past time that we finally decriminalize marijuana,” said Fetterman. “The president needs to use his executive authority to begin descheduling marijuana, I would love to see him do this prior to his visit to Pittsburgh. This is just common sense and Pennslyvanians overwhelmingly support decriminalizing marijuana.”

Fetterman also posted his sentiments on Twitter, telling Biden that he has “the power to use your executive authority to chart a new course.”

In his statement, Fetterman also mentioned that marijuana is not a serious crime. “As mayor of Braddock, I made it my mission to combat serious crime. I know firsthand what real crime looks like. Marijuana does not fit the bill,” he wrote. “It’s time to end the hypocrisy on this issue once and for all.”

During a press briefing on Monday, White House press secretary Karine Jean-Pierre was asked about Fetterman’s statements, but she deferred. “When it comes to drugs, the highest priority for the administration is addressing an overdose crisis,” she said. “But at the same time, President Biden believes that there are too many people serving unduly long sentences for nonviolent drug crimes, a disproportionate number of whom are black and brown. That’s why in April, during the Second Chance Month, President Biden announced 17 sentences, commutations, and three pardons, which are more grants of clemency at this point in a presidency than any of his five recent predecessors.”

Fetterman has been a proponent of legal marijuana through his entire run for office. In one of his campaign videos, he explains he was one of the first politicians to voice his support for the drug. “And now five years later, I renew that same call for any number of reasons, but most importantly, for the criminal justice aspect of it,” he said.


While Biden has previously opposed marijuana, his position has shifted over the years, landing on his campaign pledge to free people who have been incarcerated over marijuana-related offenses. Biden has taken no significant action on the topic of cannabis while in office.
 


Venezuela: Armed Forces Make Largest Pot Bust in 10 Years​

September 06, 2022 2:26 AM

Sacks containing illegal drugs and plastic barrels containing fuel, seized by the armed forces of Venezuela are displayed at a beachside campsite in the village of Tiraya, Venezuela, Sept. 5, 2022.

Sacks containing illegal drugs and plastic barrels containing fuel, seized by the armed forces of Venezuela are displayed at a beachside campsite in the village of Tiraya, Venezuela, Sept. 5, 2022.
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TIRAYA, VENEZUELA —
The armed forces of Venezuela announced Monday what they characterized as the largest marijuana bust of the past 10 years in the South American country.
Members of the armed forces on Saturday intercepted a vessel carrying more than 2.8 metric tons (3.1 US tons) of marijuana, almost 8 kilograms (18 pounds) of cocaine, and extra outboard boat motors off Venezuela's Caribbean coast, said General Domingo Hernández, general commander of the Operational Strategic Command of the Bolivarian National Armed Forces. He added that the vessel had departed Colombia and was en route to the island of Martinique.
Twelve men traveling on the boat were arrested. Hernández said all are Venezuelans and were working for the Colombia-based Cartel of the Guajira.
Nearly 2,857 kilograms (6,293 pounds) of marijuana were seized from the boat, which lacked identification and had seven extra motors as well as 33 large storage containers with fuel and a satellite phone.
The arrests and seizure were part of special operations of the armed forces across Venezuela's border. Soldiers in the area have also seized makeshift buildings that store fuel for airplanes used by drug traffickers who land in nearby illegal runways.
"Since 2012, we saw, this is the most important stash of marijuana, and also, since 2012, we have disabled 305 airplanes, 27 (of them) this year with a lot of intelligence and prevention against micro trafficking and macro trafficking because this is another exponential sum as well," Hernández said.
Hernández and his team on Monday showed reporters the drugs, fuel tanks and boat at a beachside campsite in the community of Tiraya set up for the area's special operation. Two large helicopters, military vehicles, tents and dozens of armed soldiers were also at the site.
Hernández said more than 36.5 metric tons (40.2 US tons) of illegal drugs have been seized so far this year in Venezuela. That's up 29.2% compared with the same period last year.
 

World Anti-Doping Agency Set To Keep Marijuana On Banned Substance List, Saying U.S. Didn’t Back Its Removal


The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) seems poised to keep marijuana on the list of banned substances for athletes, despite a vociferous push for reform following the Olympics suspension of U.S. runner Sha’Carri Richardson over a positive cannabis test last year and the global body saying it would conduct a review of the drug’s status.

Amid the fallout from the suspension, the U.S. Anti-Doping Agency (USADA) said that the international rules “must change,” the White House and President Joe Biden himself signaled that it was time for new policies and congressional lawmakers amplified that message.

However, a spokesperson for WADA told The Wall Street Journal in a story published on Monday that, “to date neither the United States authorities nor the U.S. Anti-Doping Agency has requested the removal of cannabis from the Prohibited List.”

That lack of a formalized request seems to have helped shaped the draft 2023 WADA Prohibited List, details of which were released by representatives of the Netherlands. That country had advocated for removing marijuana altogether as a banned substance, arguing that it is not a performance enhancing drug. The draft rules are expected to be finalized later this month.

USADA CEO Travis Tygart seemed to push back on the idea that the American body did not encourage change, telling the Journal that, for decades, the organization “has advocated for WADA to change its approach to marijuana so a positive test is not a violation unless it was intentionally used to enhance performance or endangers the health or safety of competitors.”



That nuance might help explain the seeming messaging disconnect, as it appears USADA still wanted to keep the door open to some form of penalization for athletes if their use of cannabis was “intentionally” for performance enhancing purposes—a standard that might be difficult to enforce.

Richard Pound, who served as the first president of WADA, told Marijuana Moment in a phone interview on Monday he thinks “maybe some sober second thought went into it,” referring to the seeming disconnect between what U.S. officials and USADA said last year about the need for reform and the apparent decision not to recommend a full removal of cannabis from the list.

“This is probably not a ditch in which [they] want to die,” he said. “I’m neither surprised nor unsurprised.”

However, Pound pointed out that “there are thousands and thousands of Americans in jail as we speak for a mere possession of marijuana, so I was kind of surprised that, at the highest levels in the country, [officials were suggesting to] remove the ban in its entirety” on the global athletic stage.

Dutch officials—including those representing the governmental Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport, Netherlands Olympic Committee and Doping Authority Netherlands—said plainly in response to the proposed continuation of the cannabis ban that “we do not agree with the decision.”

“In our view cannabinoids should not be part of the anti-doping program,” they wrote. “Cannabinoids most likely have a negative impact on athletic performance. The current scientific review does not change this view.”

WADA, for its part, said that the draft 2023 banned substances list prepared by its Prohibited List Expert Advisory Group is “still under consideration.”

That 12-member body has three U.S. representatives on it, including Marilyn Huestis, who is affiliated with the prohibitionist organization Smart Approaches to Marijuana.

“WADA’s Executive Committee will be asked to approve the final version of the List during its 23 September meeting, with the List itself being published on or before 1 October and coming into force on 1 January,” a spokesperson told the Journal.

WADA first announced in September 2021 that it would be conducting a scientific review of marijuana to determine whether it should continue an international ban on cannabis use by athletes.

USADA had previously expressed sympathy for the suspended runner, Richardson, and indicated that it may be time for a reevaluation of the marijuana prohibition—but it later followed up with a statement that went further by explicitly calling for a policy change.

The organization wrote that “President Joe Biden described the way forward best when he said” that the “rules are rules,” but stating that those regulations may need to be reevaluated.

After Reps. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortz (D-NY) and Rep. Jamie Raskin (D-MD) sent a letter to USADA communicating their interest in reforming WADA’s cannabis policy, a separate group of lawmakers also sent a letter to the group to urge a change.

“We believe that cannabis does not meet the description of scientifically proven risk or harm to the athlete,” those 18 members of Congress wrote, “and the USADA is perpetuating stereotypes and rhetoric fueled by the racist War on Drugs by claiming its usage, in private use and outside of competition, violates the ‘spirit of the sport.’”

Rep. Steve Cohen (D-TN) was among the lawmakers who’ve been critical of Richardson’s suspension. He argued last year that it is hypocritical that athletes would be penalized for using marijuana when alcohol use is largely tolerated. And he also said cannabis is only a performance enhancing drug in the context of food eating competitions.

At a separate federal commission hearing on international sports last year, a representative of USADA said in response to questioning by Cohen that the organization is “heartbroken” over Richardson’s case and supports “liberalization” of current bans. He claimed that the body’s hands are tied with respect to enforcing international drug policy, however.

Richardson, for her part, said that she’d feel “blessed and proud” if the attention her case raised would affect reform for other athletes.

WADA has made clear that the U.S. has played a key role in placing marijuana on the list of prohibited substances for international athletes—and it still had a seat at the table if it wanted a policy change.

Pound of WADA previously told Marijuana Moment that he supported the scientific review of cannabis and discussed how the U.S. has historically had an outsized influence in matters governing the organization’s international drug code.

Former White House Press Secretary Jen Psaki had initially declined to condemn Olympics officials’ sanction on Richardson when asked about the issue last summer, but she later said that the case highlighted the need to “take another look” at the rules on cannabis, especially after the athlete was barred from a second event that fell outside the scope of her original 30-day suspension.

USA Track & Field has similarly said that international policy on cannabis punishments for athletes “should be reevaluated.”

Meanwhile, advocates have broadly embraced internal marijuana policy reforms at other major professional athletic organizations, arguing that they are long overdue especially given the ever-expanding legalization movement.

MLB has been among the more progressive professional sports organizations in the U.S. when it comes to marijuana. The league said in 2020 that players would not be punished for using cannabis while they aren’t working, but they can’t be personally sponsored by a marijuana company or hold investments in the industry.

The NFL’s drug testing policy already changed demonstrably in 2020 as part of a collective bargaining agreement.

NFL players no longer face the possibility of being suspended from games over positive tests for any drug—not just marijuana—under a collective bargaining agreement. Instead, they will face a fine. The threshold for what constitutes a positive THC test was also increased under the deal.

The NBA announced in late 2020 that was extending its policy of not randomly drug testing players for marijuana through the 2021-2022 season. The association said it wouldn’t be subjecting players to random drug testing for THC; however, they will continue to test “for cause” cases where players have histories of substance use.

Students athletes that are part of the NCAA would no longer automatically lose their eligibility to play following a positive marijuana test under rules that are were recommended by a key committee earlier this year.

Marijuana icon Snoop Dogg, who was featured at the Super Bowl halftime show this year where an ad separately aired that indirectly supported legalization, argued that sports leagues need to stop testing players for marijuana and allow to them to use it as an alternative to prescription opioids.
 

More Than 400 Pounds of Weed Seized by Border Control (and Dog) in Cincinnati

The shipment found in Cincinnati was en route to Britain from Canada.

On the outside, they looked like dehumidifiers. A look inside the appliances revealed more than a million bucks worth of contraband. That was the haul intercepted by U.S. Customs and Border Protection officers––and their trusty narcotics detector dog, Bruno––in Cincinnati over the weekend.

The dog apparently alerted the officers “to a shipment of dehumidifiers, with each one containing vacuum sealed bags containing marijuana” on Saturday, the agency said.

The shipments arrived in the port of Cincinnati “and while conducting canine operations, Bruno alerted to these dehumidifiers that were arriving from Ontario, Canada.”

“Officers inspected the first shipment and discovered vacuum sealed bags hidden inside the dehumidifier cases. Officers tested the substance which was positive for marijuana. Officers then inspected all 12 dehumidifiers and discovered that each one had concealed bags containing marijuana-413 pounds in total,” Customs and Border Protection said in a press release.

CBP said that the shipment was “heading to a company based in Great Britain and the illicit narcotics had an approximate street value of $1.10 million.”

LaFonda D. Sutton-Burke, the director of field operations in CBP’s Chicago Field Office, praised the work of Bruno.

“Our canine teams are an invaluable asset to the CBP enforcement strategy,” Sutton-Burke said in the press release. “These interdictions are a testament to the hard work, dedication and training these teams employ on a daily basis protecting America.”

The agency “emphasized that transnational criminals are desperate and will take any measures within their reach to get their illegal narcotics across our borders.”

“Our officers have been trained to identify and stop shipments that pose a threat to our nation and our international counterparts. We are committed to the CBP mission and continue to assist our law enforcement allies around the world,” Richard Gillespie, Cincinnati’s port director, said in the press release.

While recreational cannabis has been legal in a growing number of states––and Democrats in Washington continue to flirt with the idea of ending prohibition on the federal level––the U.S. Customs and Border Protection continues to intercept weed on the U.S. border and in the country’s ports.

In April, shortly after New Mexico became the latest state to legalize adult-use cannabis, the Customs and Border Protection issued a stern warning to anyone carrying weed in the state.

“Border Patrol agents have drug enforcement authority. Marijuana is still a prohibited drug under Schedule 1 of The United States Controlled Substances Act. Therefore, U.S. Border Patrol agents will continue to take appropriate enforcement action against those who are encountered in possession of marijuana anywhere in the United States,” the agency saidat the time.

Earlier this month, Border Patrol agents in Texas “seized over 200 pounds of marijuana in two separate events within five hours,” the agency said.

CBP said that agents “assigned to Bike Patrol observed multiple subjects carrying bundles away from the Rio Grande in Escobares [Texas].”

“Additional agents responded and interdicted just as the smugglers attempted to load the narcotics into an awaiting Chevrolet Tahoe. The Tahoe departed the area as the smugglers abandoned the bundles and absconded back toward the river. Agents seized three bundles of marijuana weighing 115 pounds and valued at 92,000 USD,” CBP said in its press release.

Then, shortly after midnight the following day, “agents observed a group of ten subjects walking away from the Rio Grande south of Cuevitas,” ultimately discovering 90 pounds worth of cannabis.

“One of the Mexican nationals, along with the narcotics, was turned over to the Texas Department of Public Safety to face state charges,” the agency said in the press release.
 
CBP said that the shipment was “heading to a company based in Great Britain and the illicit narcotics had an approximate street value of $1.10 million.”
Only these asshat gestapo types could think this is $1M of MJ for fuck sake. "Street value"...what...they think people are still selling "nickel bags" on the streets?

Wow
 
Only these asshat gestapo types could think this is $1M of MJ for fuck sake. "Street value"...what...they think people are still selling "nickel bags" on the streets?

Wow
hahaha...Mom laughed because we are both...well, I won't say old...how about well aged like a bottle of wine....and remember when nickel bags actually were a thing! LOL
 

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